The structure of slurry pump
The slurry pump is composed of flow parts, sealing structure, pump body，pump cover, bearing assembly and bracket frame. The sealing structure is divided into gland seal and expeller seal, and the flow parts are divided into metal flow parts and rubber flow parts. The flow parts of the slurry pump are mainly composed of three parts: impeller, sheath and guard plate, and their roles and classifications are introduced in the following decibels。
- Slurry pump impeller
The impeller is a key component of the flow part of slurry pump and wears out the fastest. It is a rotating body wheel with blades that is composed of several curved blades and rotates to transfer energy to the liquid. The impeller transmits the mechanical energy of the prime mover directly to the liquid to increase the static and dynamic pressure energy of the liquid, and the appropriate flow rate and head can be achieved by dividing the diameter of the impeller.
There are three ways to classify the impeller of the slurry pump: (1) According to the mechanical structure, it can be divided into closed impeller, semi-closed impeller and open impeller. (2) According to the aspiration method, it can be divided into single suction structure and double suction structure; (3) According to the shape of the blade, it is divided into backward curved blades, radial blades and forward curved blades, because the backward curved blades can obtain more static pressure energy, so the slurry pump mostly uses backward curved blades.
- Slurry pump volute liner
Because of its shape resembling a snail, the slurry pump is also called a volute, which mainly plays the role of collecting slurry and guiding, and is an important part of the flow part of the slurry pump.
The liner is divided into two categories according to the structure: (1) the single-shell pump liner, which is generally directly exposed and has no other pump casing protection, and the liner itself has a reserved fastening device, such as: vertical slurry pump, submerged slurry pump, gravel pump, etc. (2) Double-shell pump liner, the general shell is protected by the pump shell, and its fixation mainly depends on the shell pressure, such as ZJB slurry pump, ZJ slurry pump, fractional pump, etc.
- Slurry pump throatbush
The throatbush and the liner work together to form a semi-closed flow channel, which allows the slurry to operate in this space. When operating, the throatbush is in direct contact with the slurry and belongs to the flow part. However, because the throatbush is parallel to the direction of the slurry, the throatbush has a longer service life than the liner and impeller.
Most horizontal slurry pumps have two throatbushs, one throatbush and one frame plate liner insert. This is shown in the diagram of the metal flow part.
Some slurry pumps, such as fractional series slurry pumps 4/3D-AH, ZJL vertical pumps and submerged slurry pumps, only have one throatbush. This plate is equivalent to frame plate liner insert, which is designed to be integrated into the liner, as shown in Figure 1 for the rubber overflow. The pump shaft is connected to the impeller through the frame plate liner insert. The throatbush is a flow part of the slurry pump, which is impacted by the liquid during operation, and the main force part is at the water outlet.